My Personal Christian Beliefs - 1799 Words

Here at Colorado Christian University, we are all self-proclaimed Christians, but it seems that everyone believes something different whether it be related to the age of the Earth, if the Bible is infallible or not, or whether things like alcohol are sinful or not. This is no different when we talk about the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. In the next several pages, I will outline my beliefs about the Work of Christ, the Person of Christ, the Holy Spirit, and the Trinity, as well as back my beliefs on these things with Scripture and other theological writings. Starting off, I believe that Christ came to the Earth as fully God and fully man and performed miracles, ranging from casting out demons to raising the dead. The main verse that I use to support this claim is Acts 10:38 which states, â€Å"How God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Ghost and with power: who went about doing good, and healing all that were oppressed of the devil; for God was with him.† For me, this ve rse shows us that it was God who gave Jesus his power, which he forfeited when He became human, so that Jesus could deliver people and show them the love and power of God. Likewise, this verse is one of the only verses that explicitly states that Jesus was given His power from God. This must mean that, at some time, Jesus had His power taken from Him. As I mentioned before, I believe giving away His power was one of the many prices He had to pay to become human, but God gave this power back to Him at thisShow MoreRelatedCultural Reflection : Cultural Experience889 Words   |  4 Pagesdissimilar belief systems. My mom is a dedicated Christian while my dad is unassociated with any religious beliefs. Though, he grew up as a Jehovah’s Witness. There differing belief systems have been the cause of various conflicts within their relationship. I often wondered if people with contradicting beliefs could effectively and peacefully discuss their belief systems. This cultural experi ence showed me that a peaceful discussion is possible between individuals of dissimilar beliefs. WithinRead MorePersonal Philosophy : An Organization Level Leader1734 Words   |  7 Pagesdilemmas through their personal life experiences based on inputs from parents, family, experiences and organizations. To define my moral philosophy as an organizational level leader, I will first explain how my personal moral philosophy was shaped, explain and examine my personal moral philosophy and then I will juxtapose my moral philosophy to the E100 ethical concepts by explaining the strengths and weakness in relation to my moral philosophy. I will then conclude with how my beliefs reinforce the professionalRead MoreChristians Should Not Press their Beliefs upon their Society838 Words   |  3 Pagesput down their own personal views and beliefs long enough to see the clear and logical answer. Instead, they are clouded by their ingrained thought and thus cannot give an unbiased opinion. Julius R. Oppenheimer is a perfect example. This exemplary theoretical physicist and scholar was man was quoted by theologian and philosopher Francis Schaeffer as saying: â€Å"Christianity is just a person’s personal belief, while modern science is a fact. Christians should not press their beliefs upon their societyRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemma Of Voluntary Euthanasia1125 Words   |  5 Pagesvoluntary euthanasia. Is euthanasia murder or a justifiable suicide? Our approach and opinions to this sensitive ethical dilemma is sharply contrasted based in our convictions and ethics derived from our own personal worldview. I will evaluate and examine euthanasia’s ethical dilemma according to my Christian worldview and compare the moral rules, right or wrong, that many believe, allowing man to suffer is immoral. Ethical Dilemma Joni is a young adult who is suffering from an accident that left her a quadriplegic;Read MorePersonal Evaluation of My Faith Essay588 Words   |  3 PagesGod this assessment is an evaluation my faith and spiritual development while learning to function as a believer in the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. This personal assessment is essential in the strengthen and development of witnessing for Jesus and spreading the gospel through effective ministries to win souls for Christ. This course gives the essential strength of one’s faith that is paramount in creating a spiritual foundation of becoming an effective Christian. Psalms 95:6 states â€Å"Come let us bowRead MoreMy World View906 Words   |  4 Pagesindividual lies a set of beliefs that help set the foundation and fundamentals of his or her existence. These beliefs are uniquely crafted from ones own experience and personal choices, or established through an others personal influences or doctrine. No matter the scenario , these beliefs determine an individuals priorities, justify their actions, help determine what he or she is fond of and aids them in answering some of lifes challenging questions. Most importantly these beliefs create a standardRead MoreBeing An International Student1350 Words   |  6 Pagesin with the other students. Joining University changed my life from a period of being popular in my country as I had made many friends at school and in the neighborhood and I was engrossed in the popularity lifestyle. After a month in university, I felt lonely and judged, and I did not manage to make any friends. People claimed that I was proud for I was bright, had a lot of money and I was trendy which is what I learned later on. I spent my time in the library in order to end the day and the weekendsRead MoreCharacterizing Pagan Religions Essays628 Words   |  3 Pagesand practices within any given Pagan religion. Among all of these different traditions and practices there are the shared b eliefs such as a Father God and a Mother Goddess and that all things within the universe are interconnected, respecting all life, and the honoring of male and female energies. Pagan religions also share an ethic of self-responsibility, such as in my personal religion, the Wiccan Rede, in doing as you choose, so long as it brings no harm to anyone or anything; These Eight wordsRead MoreChristian Life And The Teachings Of The Bible1243 Words   |  5 Pagesthat relate to personal beliefs. I am a Christian since birth. So all I’d like to talk about is Christian life and the teachings of the bible. Throughout my whole life, I have learned about spiritual things and what kind of spiritual things are in my ego. The spiritual values that I always have is love, hope, and trust. Love is an element that Christians value and have in their Christian mind and the bible says to love each other. I am doing my best to understand this word throughout my whole life andRead MoreThe Teachings Of The Bible933 Words   |  4 PagesAs I was perusing the library I came across an articulate article that caught my eye. It is an individual’s personal creed called, â€Å"I Believe†. It starts by affirming the belief that God, Jesus and the Holy Spirit are one in the same. Although I share this belief, I do not condemn others for a different perspective. I am convinced that proclaiming the Gospel and listening to other perspectives can not only be possible, it may be advantageous to increase one’s knowledge. Rachel goes on to say, â€Å"I

Questions On The Cavalry Regiments - 910 Words

3. Please describe and if necessary give dates for the following terms: Hamidiye Regiments: - The Hamidiye Cavalry Regiments were established on October 20th, 1890 by Sultan Abdul Hamid II. All the men were of Kurdish origin. According to Law, the Hamidiye Cavalry Regiments have to have 4 or 6 Companies. The number of men in every company was no less than 192 and the number of men in every Regiment was no more than 1152. The time of serving in the Regiment was for soldiers 23 years. Every men of tribe between 17 of age to 40 had to serve in the Regiment. The Hamidiye was divided into groups according to age: the iptidai (ages 17–20), the Nizamiye (age 20-32), and the Redif (age 32-40). They were all registered in a book and a copy of the registration book was kept by the regiments’ commander and the other copy was kept by the Central Army which was called the General Hamidiye Military Command. In May 13, 1896 the name of the regiments were changed to the Light Cavalry Regiment. In 1910 the Regiments were reorganized by cavalry officer Fahre ttin Bey because of ill- discipline. The Hamidiye were more often used by the Ottoman authorities to harass and assault Armenians living in Turkish Armenia. Wilson’s Fourteen Points: Fourteen Points is a blueprint for world peace that was used for peace negotiations after World War I, elucidated in a January 8, 1918, speech on war aims and peace terms by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson. The Fourteen Points speech was the only explicitShow MoreRelatedThe Secession Of The United States993 Words   |  4 Pagesthreat by seceding from the Union on December 20, 1860. Mississippi and Florida followed in early January, 1861. The Alabama State Legislature directed Governor A. B. Moore to call a state convention in Montgomery on January 7, 1861, to debate the question of secession from the Union. On January 11, after four days of hot debate, an ordinance of secession was adopted by a vote of 61-39 and Alabama became the fourth state to secede from the Union. The two delegates from Lauderdale County voted againstRead MoreThe Battle Of Ia Drang Nco Academy1463 Words   |  6 PagesBrigade, 1st Cavalry Division: the 1/7 AC Battalion, 2/7 AC Battalion and the 2/5 AC Battalion of the 2nd Air Cavalry Brigade of the United States Army, facing elements of the B3 Front of the PAVN (including the 304th Division) and Viet Cong). The battle involved close air support by U.S. Army helicopter gunships and U.S. Air Force and U.S. Navy tactical jet aircraft, and a bombing attack by USAF B-52s. The initial North Vietnamese assault against the landing 1st Battalion, 7th Cavalry at LZ X-RayRead MoreBattle Analysis of San Juan Hill Essay2008 Words   |  9 Pageshappened closer Kettle Hill (Frank, 1997, p. 109). U.S. Expeditionary Forces Assault On 1 July 1898, the U.S. Expeditionary Forces in command of Maj. Gen. William R. Shafter battered the Spanish military protection of Santiago, where the Spanish regiment lay secluded in the anchorage. After distributing one separation to assault Spanish defenses at El Caney on his right flank, Shafter planned for the Fifth Corps to assault San Juan Heights, where Gen. Arsenio Linares had recognized an onward self-protectiveRead MoreThe Battle Of San Juan Hill1066 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Miley that â€Å"the heights must be taken at all hazards†. (History.com, 2010) What took place after the units were given the order to begin the assault depends on which participant told the story. The lesser publicized accounts bring into question whether Teddy Roosevelt actually led the charge up San Juan Hill or stayed mostly in a supporting role. There are historians who give credit for the charge to the regular army, defending their position stating that in reality Roosevelt assaultedRead MoreI Fought With Custer, Frazier And Robert Hunt2427 Words   |  10 Pagesfought along the ridges, steep bluffs, and ravines of the Little Bighorn River, in south central Montana on June 25-26, 1876. The combatants were warriors of the Lakota Sioux, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes, battling men of the 7th Regiment of the U.S. Cavalry. In 1868, many Lakota leaders agreed to a treaty, known as the Fort Laramie Treaty that created a large reservation in the western half of present day South Dakota. They further agreed to give up their nomadic life which often brought themRead MoreThe Rise Of Fascism During Nazi Germany And Germany1623 Words   |  7 PagesNazi ideology and policies or to resist them. In this assessment, you need to research the influence of the different individuals and organisations who either supported or resisted the Nazi Government. You will need to prepare a response to the question: â€Å"What was the impact of individuals/groups within Nazi Germany in supporting or challenging the Nazi regime?† You may present your response how you wish; however there is a word length of 750 words. Assessment Due Week 7 Term 1. If you are unableRead MoreAlexander the Great: What Made Him So Great638 Words   |  3 Pagesutilized his most powerful force to protect them, his heavy cavalry. Armed with sword and javelins, these units whilst defending flanks, worked with the syntagma to envelop the enemy force. In addition, there were light infantry units such as slingers, javelin men and archers who would provide cover fire and were also very mobile. Alexander also had an elite bodyguard force, consisting of pezhetairoi. There were also regiments of light cavalry used for reconnaissance and skirmishing. Alexander’s forceRead More Book Review of The Face of Battle by John Keegan Essay995 Words   |  4 Pagesfinger of failure after an evolution occurs and not examining the soldier’s point of view while the battle is transpiring. Keegan chooses the three well documented campaigns of Agincourt in 1415, Waterloo in 1815, and Somme in 1916 to answer the question of his thesis: To find out how men who are faced with the threat of single-missile and multiple-missile weapons control their fears, fix their wounds, and face their death. In his words he is seeking â€Å"to catch a glimpse of the face of battle.† Read MoreThe Battle Of Little Bighorn1687 Words   |  7 PagesCuster’s Last Stand, and the Battle of the Greasy Grass by the Indians who were involved, took place on 25-26 June 1876. During this armed engagement between some 2500 members of the Sioux and Cheyenne Indian nations and 600 Soldiers from the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army a clear illustration of the cause and effect relationship between the outcome of an battle and the symptoms of the â€Å"victory disease† comes to light. During the events leading up to this battle, Custer’s gross underestimationR ead MoreBattle Of The Ia Drang Valley1831 Words   |  8 Pagestogether for the first time in Vietnam allowed an agile small force to be successful against a much larger enemy contingency. Operation Silver Bayonet pitted the Third Brigade of the First Cavalry Division: 1st Battalion and 2nd Battalion of the 7th Cavalry Regiment, and the 2nd Battalion of the 5th Cavalry Regiment, against a much larger Vietnamese force to include the People’s Army of Vietnam (PAVN) and the Viet Cong guerilla fighters. The fighting lasted from 14 November to 18 November 1965.

Critical Evaluation for Interpreting the Gospel - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Critical Evaluation for Interpreting the Gospel of John. Answer: According to John, the Gospel is the different form of character from the areas of the three synoptic gospels[1]. It is very highly significant in the literatures. It does not follow the same form of order o for the reproduction of the same for of stories that are there in the synoptic gospels. The Gospels generally begins as Jon starts the magnificent form of the prologue that states the major themes of the motifs of the gospels that as much as an overture does for the musical form of the musical work. The prologue essentially proclaims there is a preexistence of Jesus and it can essentially incarnated in the pious world of the God are the father that are been revealed to the world. The other half of the chapter focuses builds the introduction on the proper gospel and also consists of the testimony of the Baptists about Jesus[2]. These are then followed by the stories that are known as the first discipline that have various titles that are been predicted out of Jesus in the early form of Church and are then presented. The gospel are the narrative form that may contain the different series of the signs that are being the word of the gospel for the wondrous and impactful deeds of Jesus. The author here is primarily highly significant of these forms of deeds and also tries to interpret them for the various readers by the different form of reflections, discourses and the narratives. References Burge, Gary M.Interpreting the Gospel of John: A Practical Guide. Baker Academic, 2013. Telford, William.The barren temple and the withered tree: a redaction-critical analysis of the cursing of the fig-tree pericope in Mark's Gospel and its relation to the cleansing of the temple tradition. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2015. York, John.The Last Shall Be First: The Rhetoric of Reversal in Luke. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2015.

Comparative Observations of Inaccurate Decisions †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Comparative Observations of Inaccurate Decisions. Answer: Introduction: The common meaning of margin of error refers to the amount which is acceptable in case inaccuracy or mistake or any change in conditions. In the context of law, the margin of error means the fact that panel of judges sometimes makes faults at the time of taking decisions whether the suspect is guilty or not. There are many faults which validates errors. This includes inadequate or ambiguous proof or there might be a failure of evidences or complexities in law (De Vos, 2017). It may be termed as the accuracy rate in the decisions made by the panel of judges. As per the above discussion, panel of judges made many mistakes at the time of decision making because of inadequate or ambiguous proofs that causes inaccurate decisions. 12 angry men is the good reference in which panel of judges believed in the witnesses given by the old man and the woman who lives nearby to the suspects place (De, Vos, 2017). Many panel of judges believes in the witnesses that were given without paying consideration to the other relevant facts of the case. Any person who is in the trial for the first time must know that judges are those who make decisions on their best judgements and after consideration of all the relevant facts of the case without being partial and prejudice towards suspect. Further even if they make faults then it must be due to misleading facts or incomplete information that were presented with respect to the case. The most relevant point that had caused the judges some amount of hesitation regarding the guilt of the suspect is when Juror 8 have been presented before the judge, the knife was exactly the same with which the blamed has been supposed to have murdered his father (Rose, 2016). Juror 8 said that he bought the knife from the junk shop near the boys place (Rose, 2016). He just wanted to convince that purchased knife was lost and that knife was found by the another person and murdered his father, thereby putting the blame on the accused. Juror 8 was initially disagreed with the 11 jurors and opinioned that suspected is not guilty. The other most important point which was addressed by the juror 8 was that old man is not capable to hear from the boy I will kill you when the train was passing. The reason is that 10 seconds are required for el to pass and the old man was required to take 6 seconds or more to go near the window. Before the old man can hear the boy by shouting I will kill you and the body to fall down, the el was passing through his window and it is difficult to hear what one is thinking (Gale, 2015). Any individual who is tangibly weak or mentally retarded to carry out the juror duties or has been witnessed to death or imprisonment for life was awarded. The person is subject to bond for exhibiting good behavior. Further the panel of judges must be unbiased or impartial or must be competent to understand the legitimate proceedings and other relevant facts with respect to the case. A judicial injury that comes without an agreement upon a decision even after an extended discussion is called as hung jury (Zucker, 2017). A hung jury fails to reach at the supermajority which is required to agree on a decision. All the judges must agree totally that the suspect is guilty and the court has proved suspect a guilty person without any suspicion. Further there is a hung jury, and all the jurors do not agree solidly on a decision then the case shall be tried before on a new jury. Selection of panel of judges are also equally important part of a trial procedure while making decisions (De Vos, 2017). Now in the modern period, the lawyers wish to have jurors who are acted in the clients favor. Another important factor that obstructs the selection of impartial juror is a media. Mostly jury members are not aware of the case for which they have been selected to determine. But media barely make it possible to find jurors who are not aware of the cases particularly in the high profile cases. References De Vos, W. L. (2017). The Jury Trial in Western Australia: Comparative Observations. Int'l Trade Bus. L. Rev., 20, 287. Rose, R. (2016). Twelve angry men. Bloomsbury Publishing. Gale, C. L. (2015). A Study Guide for Rose Reginald's Twelve Angry Men. Gale, Cengage Learning. Zucker, K. J. (2017). Hung Jury. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 1-4.

4 Things That Define Minerals

4 Things That Define Minerals In the field of geology, you will often hear a variety of terms including the word mineral. What are minerals, exactly? They are any substance that meets these four specific qualities: Minerals are natural: These substances that form without any human help.Minerals are solid: They dont droop or melt or evaporate.Minerals are inorganic: They arent carbon compounds like those found in living things.Minerals are crystalline: They have a distinct recipe and arrangement of atoms. Despite that, though, there are still some exceptions to these criteria. Unnatural Minerals Until the 1990s, mineralogists could propose names for chemical compounds that formed during the breakdown of artificial substances...things found in places like industrial sludge pits and rusting cars. That loophole is now closed, but there are minerals on the books that arent truly natural. Soft Minerals Traditionally and officially, native mercury is considered a mineral, even though the metal is liquid at room temperature. At about -40 C, though, it solidifies and forms crystals like other metals. So there are parts of Antarctica where mercury is unimpeachably a mineral. For a less extreme example, consider the mineral ikaite, a hydrated calcium carbonate that forms only in cold water. It degrades into calcite and water above 8 C. It is significant in the polar regions, the ocean floor, and other cold places, but you cant bring it into the lab except in a freezer. Ice is a mineral, even though it isnt listed in the mineral field guide. When ice collects in large enough bodies, it flows in its solid state thats what glaciers are. And salt (halite) behaves similarly, rising underground in broad domes and sometimes spilling out in salt glaciers. Indeed, all minerals, and the rocks they are part of, slowly deform given enough heat and pressure. Thats what makes plate tectonics possible. So in a sense, no minerals are really solid except maybe diamonds. Other minerals that arent quite solid are instead flexible. The mica minerals are the best-known example, but molybdenite is another. Its metallic flakes can be crumpled like aluminum foil. The asbestos mineral chrysotile  is stringy enough to weave into cloth. Organic Minerals The rule that minerals must be inorganic may be the strictest one. The substances that make up coal, for instance, are different kinds of hydrocarbon compounds derived from cell walls, wood, pollen, and so on. These are called macerals instead of minerals. If coal is squeezed hard enough for long enough, the carbon sheds all its other elements and becomes graphite. Even though it is of organic origin, graphite is a true mineral with carbon atoms arranged in sheets. Diamonds, similarly, are carbon atoms arranged in a rigid framework. After some four billion years of life on Earth, its safe to say that all the worlds diamonds and graphite are of organic origin even if they arent strictly speaking organic. Amorphous Minerals A few things fall short in crystallinity, hard as we try. Many minerals form crystals that are too small to see under the microscope. But even these can be shown to be crystalline at the nanoscale using the technique of X-ray powder diffraction, though, because X-rays are a super-shortwave type of light that can image extremely small things. Having a crystal form means that the substance has a chemical formula. It might be as simple as halites (NaCl) or complex like  epidotes (Ca2Al2(Fe3, Al)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)), but if you were shrunk to an atoms size, you could tell what mineral you were seeing by its molecular makeup and arrangement. A few substances fail the X-ray test. They are truly glasses or colloids, with a fully random structure at the atomic scale. They are amorphous, scientific Latin for formless. These get the honorary name mineraloid. Mineraloids are a small club of about eight members, and thats stretching things by including some organic substances (violating criterion 3 as well as 4).

The Names of Colors in Italian

The Names of Colors in Italian You want to tell your friend the color of the Vespa you want to buy, the type of wine you were drinking, or the hue of the sky while you were on a hilltop in Florence, but how do you say the colors in Italian? To start, here are the most common thirteen along with a list of subtle and unique  blends. Basic Colors Red – Rosso Lei porta sempre un rossetto rosso. - She always wears red lipstick. Pink – Rosa Ho comprato un vestito rosa per la festa. - I bought a pink dress for the party. Purple – Viola Ho dipinto le unghie di viola. - I painted my nails purple. TIP: Unlike other colors, you don’t have to change the ending of â€Å"rosa† or â€Å"viola† to match the object it’s describing. Orange – Arancione La sua macchina nuova à ¨ arancione ed à ¨ troppo sgargiante per i miei gusti. - Her new car is orange, and it’s too bright for my tastes. Yellow – Giallo Stava leggendo un giallo con una copertina gialla. - He was reading a mystery novel with a yellow cover. TIP: â€Å"Un giallo† is also a mystery novel or thriller. Green – Verde Mi piace vivere in Toscana, in mezzo al verde. - I like living in Tuscany, in the middle of the green. Blue – Azzurro Ho gli occhi azzurri. - I have blue eyes. Silver – Argento Gli ho regalato un cucchiaio d’argento per la loro collezione. - I gifted them a tiny, silver spoon for their collection. Gold – Oro Cerco una collana d’oro. - I’m looking for a gold necklace. Gray – Grigio Il cielo à ¨ cosà ¬ grigio oggi. - The sky is so gray today. White – Bianco Non voglio indossare un vestito da sposa bianco, ne preferisco uno rosso! - I don’t want to wear a white wedding dress, I prefer a red one! Black – Nero Calimero à ¨ un pulcino tutto nero con un cappellino bianco in testa. - Calimero is a black chick with a white little cap on his head. Brown – Marrone Mamma mia, lei à ¨ bellissima, ha gli occhi marroni e lunghi capelli castani. - Oh my goodness, she’s beautiful, she has brown eyes and long, brown hair. TIP: You would use â€Å"marrone† to describe the color of someone’s eyes, like â€Å"gli occhi marroni†, and you would use â€Å"castano† to describe the color of someone’s hair â€Å"i capelli castani†. Dark Colors If you want to talk about dark shades, you can just add the word scuro at the end of each color. Dark red – Rosso scuroDark green – Verde scuroDark blue - Blu TIP: â€Å"Blu† is understood all its own to be a darker shade. Light Colors Here are some lighter shades: Baby blue – CelesteBaby pink – Rosa confettoLight green - Verde chiaroLight blue - Azzurro TIP: Like â€Å"blu†, â€Å"azzurro† on its own is usually understood as light blue. Unique Colors Shiny/glossy red – Rosso lucido Stavo pensando di comprare una Vespa di color rosso lucido, che ne pensi? - I was thinking about buying a shiny red Vespa, what do you think? Vermilion red - Rosso vermiglione Rimango sempre affascinata dalla tonalit di rosso vermiglione dei dipinti di Caravaggio. - I’m always attracted by the red vermilion shade used by Caravaggio in his paintings. Hot pink – Rosa shocking Non mi piacciono per niente i vestiti di colore rosa shocking, non sono eleganti. - I don’t like hot pink clothes at all, they’re not elegant. Blue green – Verde acqua Mi sono innamorato dei suoi occhi verde acqua. - I fell in love with her blue green eyes. Lilac – Lilla Il lilla à ¨ un colore davvero rilassante. - The color lilac is really relaxing. Maroon – Bordeaux Il mio colore preferito à ¨ bordeaux. - My favorite color is maroon. Hazel brown – Nocciola Ho comprato le lenti a contatto affinchà © potrei avere degli occhi color nocciola. - I bought contact lenses so that I could have hazel brown eyes. Italian Expressions with Colors Heart of gold – Cuore d’oroNot all that glitters is gold. – Non à ¨ tutto oro quel che luccica.Sweet dreams – Sogni d’oroBlack sheep (of the family) - La pecora nera

The role of race and class in the antebellum south Research Paper

The role of race and class in the antebellum south - Research Paper Example Elite white southerners viewed the change as an abolition of slavery (Fertig, 95). They believed that slavery was necessary to promote the new economy established. As such, they implemented codes that disallowed the ability for African-Americans to own or lease land, sing labor contracts, serve on juries, to vote, and testify against whites in a court of law. African-Americans did not have access to public schools whereas orphans were returned to their native countries. The elite southerners attempted to create a new economy and society because they had a comparative advantage in the production of cotton. The slaves, free blacks, and poor whites felt inferior after such a change. They believed that their providence of habits did not match that of the elite whites. As such, the notion of being inferior had a permanent defect of character that would gradually enslave them if they were to remain in such a state (Valdez,